This lesson is about the use of Ser vs Estar, one of the most important subjects to review when learning Spanish for beginners.
Monday, February 10, 2014
Wednesday, December 18, 2013
El Repaso - Trimestre 1
Examen del Primer Trimestre 2013
Capítulos Preliminares y Capítulos 1, 2, 3 y 4
el vocabulario, la gramática, los verbos y la cultura!
I. Primera Parte—SCANTRON (120 preguntas, 60 puntos)
A. Comprensión Auditiva (15 preguntas, 7.5 puntos)
La profesora va a leer una pregunta y tres opciones (a,b,c)
B. La Hora (5 preguntas, 2.5 puntos)
opciones : a, b,c ,d
C. Vocabulario (40 preguntas, 20 puntos)
a. Completar las oraciones (opciones a,b,c,d)
b. Completar las oraciones (banco de palabras)
D. Cultura/Geografía (25 preguntas, 12.5 puntos)
a. Cultura: oraciones para leer y decidir “si” o “no” (20 preguntas)
b. Geografía: Países y capitales (5 preguntas)
E. Gramática (25 preguntas, 12. 5 puntos)
a. artículos definidos (el, la, los, las=the)
b. artículos indefinidos (un, una, unos, unas =a/an, some)
c. palabras interrogativas (¿quién?, ¿quiénes?, ¿dónde?, ¿de dónde?, ¿adonde?, ¿cómo?, ¿qué?, ¿cuánto?,
¿cuánta?, ¿cuántos?, ¿cuántas?, ¿cuál?, ¿cuáles?, ¿cuándo?, ¿por qué?)
d. adjetivos posesivos (mi, mis, tu, tus, su, sus, nuestro(a)(os)(as))
F. Lectura (reading) (5 puntos)
2 lecturas cortas
10 oraciones para leer y decidir “si” o “no”
II. Segunda Parte—ESCRITA (35 preguntas, 40 puntos)
A. Oraciones incompletas (5 oraciones, 5 puntos)
Ejemplo: Los profesores ___ y los alumnos aprenden. (respuesta: enseñan/dan exámenes/preparan
lecciones…)
B. Números (5 números, 5 puntos—hay que escribir los números en palabras)
Ejemplo: 1 (respuesta: uno)
C. El plural (5 oraciones, 5 puntos—cambiar las oraciones al plural)
Ejemplo: El perro es grande. (respuesta: Los perros son grandes.)
D. La Hora (5 preguntas, 5 puntos) Escribir la hora en una oración completa
Ejemplo: 2:00 (respuesta: Son las dos.)
E. Verbos (10 verbos, 10 puntos) Conjugar el verbo
Ejemplo: (tener) Mis amigos y yo (respuesta: tenemos)
F. Preguntas Personales (5 preguntas, 10 puntos)-- Contestar la pregunta en oración completa y de manera lógica.
Ejemplo: ¿Dónde hablas español? (respuesta: Hablo español en el colegio./Hablo español en la clase de
español./Hablo español en casa.
Monday, October 28, 2013
Spanish Adjectives
Adjectives are frequently descriptive. That is, most often adjectives are used to describe a noun, or distinguish the noun from a group of similar objects. For example, an adjective might describe the color of an object.
the red pen
the blue pen
In Spanish, most adjectives change form, depending upon whether the word they modify is masculine or feminine. Notice the difference between "the tall boy" and "the tall girl."
el chico alto
la chica alta
Adjectives also change form depending upon whether the word they modify is singular or plural. Notice the difference between "the tall boy" and "the tall boys" ; "the tall girl" and "the tall girls."
el chico alto
los chicos altosla chica alta
las chicas altas
Many common adjectives end in -o. These adjectives have four forms. The following words all mean "tall":
alto
alta
altos
altas
The correct form of the adjective depends upon the noun it modifies. Is the noun masculine or feminine? Singular or plural?
libro rojo
red bookpluma roja
red penlibros rojos
red booksplumas rojas
red pens
Notice how the endings of the nouns and these adjectives are similar.
libro rojo
pluma roja
libros rojos
plumas rojas
Adjectives that end in -e also change form for singular or plural. To form the plural, simply add -s.
la chica inteligente
las chicas inteligentes
Adjectives that end in -e do not, however, change form for masculine or feminine.
la chica inteligente
el chico inteligentelas chicas inteligentes
los chicos inteligentes
Similarly, most adjectives that end in a consonant do change form for singular or plural, but do not change for masculine or feminine. To form the plural, add -es.
la chica popular
el chico popularlas chicas populares
los chicos populares
Friday, October 11, 2013
Friday, September 27, 2013
Introduction to the Definite Article
Spanish for Beginners.
The word "the" occupies a unique place in the English language as the only word that grammarians classify as a definite article. It's not quite so simple in Spanish, where the English "the" has four equivalents. Like most adjectives, the definite article in Spanish varies with number and gender:
The word "the" occupies a unique place in the English language as the only word that grammarians classify as a definite article. It's not quite so simple in Spanish, where the English "the" has four equivalents. Like most adjectives, the definite article in Spanish varies with number and gender:
- Singular masculine: el
- Singular feminine: la
- Plural masculine: los
- Plural feminine: las
With abstract nouns and nouns used in a general sense: In English, the article is often omitted with abstract nouns and nouns that refer more to a concept than a tangible item. But it still is needed in Spanish. A few examples might help clarify: La ciencia es importante. (Science is important.) Creo en la justicia.(I believe in justice.) Estudio la literatura. (I study literature.) La primavera es bella. (Spring is beautiful.)
With most titles of people: The definite article is used before most titles of a person being talked about. Elpresidente Bush vive en la Casa Blanca. (President Bush lives in the White House.) Voy a la oficina de la doctora González. (I'm going to the office of Dr. Gonzalez.) Mi vecina es la señora Jones. (My neighbor is Mrs. Jones.) The article is omitted, however, when directly addressing the person. Profesora Barrera ¿cómo está usted? (Professor Barrera, how are you?)
Before days of the week: Days of the week are always masculine. Except in constructions where the day of the week follows a form of ser (a verb for "to be"), as in hoy es martes (today is Tuesday), the article is needed. Vamos a la escuela los lunes. (We go to school on Mondays.) El tren sale el miércoles. (The train leaves on Wednesday.)
Before verbs used as subjects: In Spanish, infinitives (the basic form of a verb) can be used as nouns. The article el is used when one is used as the subject of a sentence. El escribir es difícil.(Writing is difficult.) El esquiar es peligroso. (Skiing is dangerous.) No me gusta el nadar. (I don't like swimming. In Spanish, this sentence has an inverted word order that makes nadar the subject.)
Often before names of languages: The article generally is used before names of languages. But it can be omitted immediately following a verb that is used often with languages, such as hablar (to speak), or after the preposition en. El inglés es la lengua de Belice. (English is the language of Belize.) El alemán es difícil. (German is difficult.) Hablo bien el español. (I speak Spanish well.) But,hablo español. (I speak Spanish.) No puede escribir en francés. (He can't write in French.)
With some place names: Although the definite article is seldom mandatory with place names, it is often used with many of them. The list of place names using the definite article is quite arbitrary and can be found here.La Habana es bonita. (Havana is pretty.) La India tiene muchas lenguas. (India has many languages.)
With nouns joined by "and": In English, it often isn't necessary to include the "the" before each noun in a series. But Spanish often requires it. La madre y elpadre están felices. (The mother and father are happy.)Compré la silla y la mesa. (I bought the chair and table.)
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